Literary ‘Doppelgänger’ surfaced in the Romanticism of the 19th century mainly as forbidding creatures mirroring the animalistic side of man and often embodying either his bad conscience or a superior self. They reappear in the first two decades of the 21st century frequently in French, Portugese and German novels. The most recent one of those is Hervé Le Tellier’s ‚l’anomalie‘ (2020). This article will prove that Le Tellier’s novel contains elements of postmodern literature which can also be found in Peter Stamm’s ‚Die sanfte Gleichgültigkeit der Welt‘ (2018), Daniel Pennac’s ‚Le dictateur et le hamac‘ (2005) and José Saramago’s ‚O homem duplicado‘ (2002). All four novels work on two different literary levels in so far as they provide an entertaining, sometimes surreal plot and at the same time allusions to other works, which fulfill the readers’ expectations of being confronted with various literary genres. They provide different ways of reading the texts told by an unreliable narrator so that the lines of reality and fiction are blurred. Moreover, the frailty and the destiny of human existence are questioned in a philosophical fashion. All four novels provide a mise en abyme, in so far as one of the characters of the novels respectively is writing a novel, an autobiography or an educational work. Another structural similarity is the fact that yet one or more doppelgänger(s) turn up unexpectedly at the end of the novels.